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Pure and Impure
When the Igneous rocks are found in the mountains, Kaolinite, or "type-one soil" is discovered. It is a soft, earthy, usually white, and mineral and one of its fundamental features is its purity.
As a result of natural factors and flood runs, "type-one soil" or Kaolinite is washed from the mountains and is settled in alluvium soil along with the muds of the rivers. Immigration changes the "type-one soil" to "type-two soil" and therefore makes it impure which results in more adhesion, higher consistency and a vaster range of functions in ceramics. "type-one soil" though is pure with high quality after being boiled.
Quality, features and characteristics of impure substances is a combination of the features of its materials. The impure substances therefore, seem to have capabilities and better functions in different cases though purity is a criterion for validation.
Sedentism and resistance in not accepting outside factors would preserve the inside from combining with the impure. In our world, the racial grouping, cultures, and beliefs and arts seems to be inevitable. A world which, by having a tendency towards pluralism and combining sciences in different fields, has provided a chance to cross the conventional borders of different majors and has developed the probability of solving complicated and multi-aspect issues and problems by creating interdisciplinary majors. Regarding purism, some might consider a crisis for originality in today's world. A world which established a new situation by questioning the pure quality in the structuralist principles and guaranteed the freedom from all obstacles and boundaries that previously has determined the borders between majors and mediums. Through a general point of view, purity and specialization is a feature belong to the modern era, and hybridism and combination of attitudes and orientations are the necessities of accompanying and adopting with the spirit of the age. (Zeitgeist)
As preserving the nature of the essence in combination with the impure is restricted, and function improvement could be least expected when the impurities are increased, the capabilities and chances would be eliminated. Thus, how much this pluralism is considered worthy? Could the borderlessness preserve the capabilities at any levels? Where is the valuable line between "purity" and "impurity"? How far the pure validity could be preserved and how much we could stay committed to the worth and value? While the impure have a higher chance to be selected and participate in different fields.
In this situation, how could we use a pure medium like ceramic with a modern discourse while non-ceramic elements stables and not threatens its foundation?
Rojhane Hosseini
خالص و ناخالص
بعد از تجزیه سنگ های آذرین که بیشتر در ارتفاعات کوه ها یافت می شوند، کائولن یا خاک چینی به دست می-آید. این ماده در سرامیک ها مشهور به "خاک نوع اول" بوده و اولین خصوصیت آن "خالص" بودن است.
در اثر عوامل طبیعی و با جاری شدن سیلاب ها، "خاک نوع اول" از ارتفاع کوه ها شسته شده و همراه با گل-ولای رودخانه ها در زمین های آبرفتی ته نشین می شود. مهاجرت، خاک نوع اول را به "خاک نوع دوم" تبدیل کرده و ناخالص می کند. حضور ناخالصی در خاک نوع دوم عاملی است برای چسبندگی بیشتر، کارپذیری بالاتر و دامنه ی کاربرد وسیع تر آن ها در سرامیک ها و خاک نوع اول خالص است و بعد از پخت مرغوبیت بیشتری دارد.
کیفیت، ویژگی و خواص مواد ناخالص ترکیبی است از خصلت های مواد تشکیل دهنده ی آن. بنابراین به نظر می-رسد، مواد ناخالص توانمندی و عملکرد بالاتری را در موارد مختلف خواهند داشت، هر چند که خلوص همواره عیاری است برای اعتبار سنجشی.
یک جانشینی و پایداری در عدم پذیرش عوامل بیرونی، درون را از ترکیب با ناخالصی ها حفظ می کند. اما به نظر در روزگار ما اختلاط نژادها، فرهنگ ها، عقاید، باورها و هنرها امری است اجتناب ناپذیر. دنیایی که با میل به تکثرگرایی و تلفیق علوم در زمینه های مختلف، فرصت عبور از مرزهای سنتی رشته های گوناگون را فراهم ساخته است و با تولد علوم میان رشته ای قابلیت حل مسائل پیچیده و چند وجهی را گسترده-ترنموده است. شاید برخی با نگاه ناب گرایی، تلقی بحران اصالت در امور دنیای معاصر را داشته باشند. دنیایی که با به زیر سوال بردن کیفیت ناب و خالصِ موجود در چهارچوب های ساختارگرا، وضعیت جدیدی را بنا نهاد و متضمن آزادی از همه ی موانع و قیودی شد که پیش از این مرز میان رشته ها را مشخص می کرد. در نگاه کلی تر خلوص، ناب گرایی و تخصص گرایی امری است متعلق به تاریخ مدرن و هیبرید شدن و تلفیق گرایش ها از ملزوماتِ همراهی و انطباق با روح زمانه است.
همان گونه که تواناییِ حفظ ماهیت ذاتی، در ترکیب با ناخالصی ها محدود است و با افزایش بیش از حد ناخالصی ها، دیگر نمی توان انتظار بالا رفتن سطح عملکردی را داشت و حتی توانمندی ها و فرصت های ایجاد شده را از بین خواهد برد. بنابراین تا چه حدی می-توان این تکثرگرایی را ارزشمند دانست؟ و آیا بی-مرزی ها در هر سطحی می تواند قابلیت ها را حفظ نماید؟ مرز ارزشمندیِ "خالصی" و "ناخالصی" چیست؟ تا کجا می-توان اعتبار خالصی را حفظ کرد و به ارزشمندی آن وفادار بود در حالی که ناخالصی امکان انتخاب بیشتری برای حضور در عرصه های مختلف را فراهم می کند.
در این وضعیت جدید چگونه می توان از رسانه ای خالص همچون سرامیک با گفتمانی معاصر بهره گرفت در حالی-که عنصر غیرسرامیکی، بنیان های آن را تثبیت نماید نه تهدید.
رجحانه حسینی
دومین نمایشگاه " سرامیک بنیان " با عنوان " مرز " مرداد 1396 خانه هنرمندان تهران
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Overview and HistoryTehran is the capital of Iran and the largest city in the Middle East, with a population of fifteen million people living under the peaks of the Alborz mountain range.Although archaeological evidence places human activity around Tehran back into the years 6000BC, the city was not mentioned in any writings until much later, in the thirteenth century. It's a relatively new city by Iranian standards.But Tehran was a well-known village in the ninth century. It grew rapidly when its neighboring city, Rhages, was destroyed by Mongolian raiders. Many people fled to Tehran.In the seventeenth century Tehran became home to the rulers of the Safavid Dynasty. This is the period when the wall around the city was first constructed. Tehran became the capital of Iran in 1795 and amazingly fast growth followed over the next two hundred years.The recent history of Tehran saw construction of apartment complexes and wide avenues in place of the old Persian gardens, to the detriment of the city's cultural history.The city at present is laid out in two general parts. Northern Tehran is more cosmopolitan and expensive, southern Tehran is cheaper and gets the name "downtown."Getting ThereMehrabad airport is the original one which is currently in the process of being replaced by Imam Khomeini International Airport. The new one is farther away from the city but it now receives all the international traffic, so allow an extra hour to get there or back.TransportationTehran driving can be a wild free-for-all like some South American cities, so get ready for shared taxis, confusing bus routes and a brand new shiny metro system to make it all better. To be fair, there is a great highway system here.The metro has four lines, tickets cost 2000IR, and they have segregated cars. The women-only carriages are the last two at the end, FYI.Taxis come in two flavors, shared and private. Private taxis are more expensive but easier to manage for the visiting traveler. Tehran has a mean rush hour starting at seven AM and lasting until 8PM in its evening version. Solution? Motorcycle taxis! They cut through the traffic and any spare nerves you might have left.People and CultureMore than sixty percent of Tehranis were born outside of the city, making it as ethnically and linguistically diverse as the country itself. Tehran is the most secular and liberal city in Iran and as such it attracts students from all over the country.Things to do, RecommendationsTake the metro to the Tehran Bazaar at the stop "Panzda Gordad". There you can find anything and everything -- shoes, clothes, food, gold, machines and more. Just for the sight of it alone you should take a trip there.If you like being outside, go to Darband and drink tea in a traditional setting. Tehranis love a good picnic and there are plenty of parks to enjoy. Try Mellat park on a friday (fridays are public holidays), or maybe Park Daneshjou, Saaii or Jamshidieh.Remember to go upstairs and have a look around, always always always! The Azadi Tower should fit the bill; it was constructed to commemorate the 2500th anniversary of the Persian Empire.Tehran is also full of museums such as:the Contemporary Art Museumthe Abghine Musuem (glass works)the 19th century Golestan Royal Palace museumthe museum of carpets (!!!)Reza Abbasi Museum of extraordinary miniaturesand most stunning of all,the Crown Jewels Museum which holds the largest pink diamond in the world and many other jaw-dropping jewels.Text by Steve Smith.
